Chronic stress can cause the body to conserve its cortisol. This is a protective mechanism designed to conserve cortisol and energy when the level of threat exceeds one’s capacity to

  The amygdala is a brain area associated with uncertainty vigilance, anxiety, fear and pain. It can be thought of as an early warning system.  It is located close to

Survivors have often experienced multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences or ACEs. Those ACEs can have cause threat responses which are outside of the survivor’s capacity to cope and can cause traumatic

Survivors can suffer elevated levels of physical as well as emotional and psychological pain. This is related to levels of Substance P, a neural peptide involved in the body’s response

Context matters – where and how did the trauma occur? Trauma occurring in a context where someone should feel safe, such as the home, or at the hands of someone

The basic function of the stress response in evolution is to increase the odds of our survival. These responses are shared across the animal kingdom and are very well established

We all have an acceptable range for levels of stress we can cope with, we call this the ‘Window of Tolerance’ or WOT.  Each individual has some things they always

Thank you for choosing to study with NAPAC. Once you have studied all the information covered in this course, please click on the final quiz below. You will need to

Well done, you are nearly there! Just the Final Quiz to go and then you’ll have completed the Trauma-Informed Survivor Support course, when we’ll issue you with your certificate. During

According to the surveys done in the UK so far, the following are what survivors of childhood abuse say they seek in their interactions with service providers.